Causes and Treatment for Sore Nipples

It can be an uncomfortable feeling if you are experiencing sore nipples, and various factors may contribute to this condition. While some causes may be minor, others can be unexpected. It is essential to pay attention to your symptoms and get adequate care.

Here are some potential causes that lead to sore nipples:

The most common cause of sore nipples is friction. It can occur if your nipples are chafed against a shirt or a badly-fitting bra while engaging in sports activities such as running, surfing, or basketball. This is called “jogger’s nipple”. Friction on the nipple can cause soreness, stinging pain, or even bleeding, and the skin may be dry or cracked.

Multiple symptoms, including sore nipples, can occur due to the menstrual cycle. Breast tenderness and sore nipples can be caused by hormonal fluctuations during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause.

Sore nipples can also be caused by allergic reactions to soaps, lotions, laundry detergents, or clothing materials.

It is common for breastfeeding mothers to experience sore nipples, this is usually caused by improper latching or positioning of the baby during breastfeeding.

Thrush (yeast infection) or mastitis (infection of the breast tissue) are infections that can lead to sore nipples and discomfort.

Nipple pain and other symptoms can indicate underlying health issues such as breast cancer. A lump behind the nipple may be found in approximately half of women diagnosed with Paget’s disease of the nipple.

Diagnosing sore nipples

If you experience persistent nipple pain, it is crucial to see a doctor. Constant nipple pain can be a sign of underlying health issues such as an infection, allergy, dermatitis, or other conditions that need medical attention.

The diagnosis of sore nipples typically involves a mix of medical history, physical examination, and occasionally additional tests.

If you are a breastfeeding mother, your doctor may assess the positioning and latch of your baby during breastfeeding to recognise any issues that contribute to the soreness of your nipples.

Your doctor may recommend additional tests depending on your symptoms and medical history such as:

1. Blood tests may be conducted to identify hormonal imbalances or infection signs.
2. If an infection is suspected, a nipple discharge culture or skin swab may be collected to identify the responsible organism.
3. Mammogram, an X-ray of the breast tissue may be performed to check for abnormalities like cysts or tumours.
4. Breast ultrasound uses sound waves to produce breast tissue images, which helps to detect any underlying issues like cysts or infections.
5. A small sample of breast tissue will be extracted (biopsy) for an examination under a microscope for cancer signs or other abnormalities.

Treating sore nipples

If the causes are identified, sore nipples can be alleviated by the following options:

• Wear properly fitted sports bra: Sore nipples caused by friction can be prevented by wearing a properly fitted sports bra made of smooth synthetic fabrics, particularly during activities such as running or intense workouts.
• Use protective products: Friction against the nipples can be reduced by using protective products such as rash guards, nipple shields, or surgical tape because they provide an extra layer of protection over the nipples.
• Use soothing products: Some creams, ointments, or moisturisers can help reduce friction and soothe sore nipples, but it is crucial to choose suitable
• Get help from lactation consultants: If you are a breastfeeding mother, do consult a lactation consultant to help your baby develop a correct latch during breastfeeding.
• Use topical medication: Mild cases of nipple eczema are often manageable with a topical anti-inflammatory cream. However, it is important to see a doctor if the rash or redness worsens, spreads, or does not improve with over-the-counter treatments.
• Take over-the-counter medication: Menstruation or pregnancy that causes sore nipples can treated with over-the-counter pain relievers or a hot pack.
• Other  treatments: Surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy are usually the options to treat breast cancer.

Book an appointment at Gleneagles Hospitals

A dedicated and expert team of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G) specialists at Gleneagles Hospitals is available for consultation to provide the best care and assistance.

Get in touch with us to book an appointment today if you have concerns or questions regarding sore nipples. We assure you the best possible care tailored to your specific needs.