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Diabetes or its medical term, diabetes mellitus (DM), is a chronic condition in which the body has unusually high blood sugar levels. This occurs either because the body is unable to produce enough insulin to process sugar, or in some cases, because the body is unable to use the insulin effectively.
In a person without diabetes, blood sugar levels rise after a meal but return to normal within about two hours. However, for those with diabetes, blood sugar levels may remain elevated for several hours.
Complications Due to Diabetes
If left untreated, diabetes can lead to several complications. Understanding these complications highlights the importance of diabetes prevention.
- Diabetic retinopathy is a common eye condition associated with diabetes. It occurs when diabetes damages the retina, leading to blurry vision and, in severe cases, blindness if left untreated.
- Diabetic neuropathy is a nerve damage condition caused by diabetes. Prolonged high blood sugar levels can damage the nerves, leading to unusual sensations such as numbness, tingling, weakness, and pain. This condition typically begins in one area of the body and gradually affects other regions.
- Diabetic nephropathy is a kidney problem caused by diabetes. The high blood sugar level in a person’s body can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys that will lead them to inability to expel the waste out of the body.
- Cardiovascular disease is common among diabetic patients. Coronary artery disease, heart attack, stroke, and peripheral artery disease are part of this category.
Ways to Prevent Diabetes
There are two types of diabetes:
- Type 1 diabetes: Not preventable but can be treated by doctors.
- Type 2 diabetes: Preventable by implementing lifestyle changes.
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Exercise regularly
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Eat healthily
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Lose weight
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Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption
Engaging in regular physical activity can help prevent type 2 diabetes because regular exercise helps the body to use insulin more effectively. Try exercising for a minimum of 150 minutes a week, with activities such as cycling, swimming, and brisk walking.
Unsaturated fats help improves insulin regulation in blood sugar level and reduces inflammation. Food like avocado, olive oil, and fatty fish contain this nutrient.
Reduce the amount of processed food because they contain unhealthy amounts of refined sugar and unhealthy fats. Prioritise fresh, whole foods instead.
Read more: Foods that You Should Avoid with Diabetes
Avoid fad and short-term diets although they produce quick results because they are usually unsustainable in the long run. It is more important to focus on balanced meals where all required nutrients are included for long-term well-being.
Overeating is a common cause for diabetes as it leads to weight gain and insulin resistance. Practice controlling portion size to reduce the chances of overeating.
Losing weight is reduces the risk of diabetes significantly.
Smoking and alcohol consumption increases the risk of getting type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended to quit smoking and reduce alcohol consumption.
Ways to Prevent Diabetes During Pregnancy
To prevent gestational diabetes, pregnant women can take the following steps:
- Seek advice from healthcare providers about appropriate weight gain during pregnancy period.
- Consume nutrient-dense foods such as lean protein, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables for a balanced diet.
- Monitor blood sugar level regularly for women who are at risk of gestational diabetes.
- Engage in safe physical activity approved by the doctor for pregnant women.
- Attend all prenatal checkups and pay attention to the doctor’s advice on gestational diabetes.
Make an Appointment at Gleneagles Hospitals
If left unmanaged, diabetes can have several negative, life-altering effects. However, it can still be prevented by making small lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise and maintaining a balanced diet.
Contact us today to book an appointment today if you have questions about diabetes management and prevention or find out more about our Endocrinology Services at your nearest Gleneagles Hospitals.
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