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Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) has long been a reliable option for managing the symptoms of menopause, offering relief from hot flashes, mood swings, and night sweats. But with its benefits come questions—particularly about its potential link to cancer.
This article explores the relationship between HRT and cancer, and how you can make informed choices about your health.
What is Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)?
Hormone Replacement Therapy, or HRT, is a treatment used to relieve symptoms of menopause by replacing hormones oestrogen and progesterone which decline during menopause.
Purpose of HRT
HRT is prescribed to reduce menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and mood disturbances. Oestrogen and progesterone are key hormones that regulate your menstrual cycle, support ovulation, and play a vital role during pregnancy. Beyond their reproductive functions, they also help keep your bones strong and your heart and brain healthy.
Types of HRT
There are two primary forms:
Estrogen-only HRT, often recommended for women who have had a hysterectomy, and combined HRT (estrogen and progesterone), used for women with an intact uterus to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer.
Methods of Administration
HRT can be taken in various forms including oral tablets, skin patches, topical gels, vaginal creams, or sprays. The choice depends on the patient’s health status and preference.
Benefits of HRT
Many women experience substantial relief from menopausal symptoms and improvement in quality of life. In addition to symptom relief, HRT may support heart and bone health when used early in menopause.
Does HRT Cause Cancer?
The short answer is: not directly. However, research indicates that HRT may increase the risk of certain cancers, especially with prolonged use or specific formulations (Barcenas, 2024).
Breast Cancer Risk
Standard use of HRT does not significantly raise the risk of breast cancer. The increase in risk among younger individuals using combined hormone therapy was minimal, while those using oestrogen-only therapy actually experienced a reduced risk.
Balancing Risks and Benefits
Ultimately, HRT’s benefits in symptom relief must be balanced against potential risks. Factors like family history, personal medical background, and lifestyle all influence the degree of risk.
Frequently Asked Questions about HRT (FAQ)
1. Is HRT safe for all women?
Women with a history of breast cancer, blood clots, or certain cardiovascular conditions may be advised against HRT. Always consult your doctor.
2. How soon does HRT start to work?
Some women notice improvements in symptoms within a few days, while others may take a few weeks to see benefits.
3. Can HRT be stopped abruptly?
It is best to taper off gradually under medical supervision to avoid a sudden return of symptoms.
4. Does HRT affect fertility?
HRT is not a form of birth control and does not affect fertility. It should not be used as a contraceptive.
5. Where can I get cancer screening in Malaysia?
Gleneagles Hospitals offers comprehensive cancer screening services and consultations for women considering or currently using HRT.
Book an Appointment at Gleneagles Hospitals
Hormone Replacement Therapy can be a powerful tool for managing menopause, but like all treatments, it comes with benefits and risks. The question of whether HRT increases cancer risk does not have a one-size-fits-all answer, it depends on multiple factors including the type of HRT, duration of use, and the individual’s medical background.
Book your appointment today and start your journey toward better health. Our team is here to support you every step of the way. You may also book an appointment by downloadingthe MyHealth360 application from the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.
