Swollen Gums in Children

Signs and causes of swollen gums in children

Swollen gums in children are often an indication of gum disease. They may appear red or purplish due to increased blood flow in the affected area and can also seem smooth or shiny. In many cases, swollen gums will bleed easily, especially when brushed.

There are several potential causes for swollen gums in children, including:

• Teething: Common in young children when new teeth push through the gums.
• Infections: A result of an infected tooth or gum.
• Poor oral hygiene: Bacterial build-up due to insufficient brushing or flossing.
• Gum disease: Early-stage gum disease, known as gingivitis, or advanced gum disease, periodontitis.
• Poorly fitting dentures: Can cause irritation and swelling of the gums.
• Nutritional deficiencies: Lack of essential vitamins like B or C.
• Food particles: Debris such as a popcorn hull getting lodged in the gums.
• Dental damage: Broken or cracked teeth can cause swelling.
• Medications: Certain drugs that lead to dry mouth may increase the likelihood of gum issues.

Treatment options

To treat swollen gums in children, the following steps are recommended:

• Visit a dentist: Ensure professional dental care and diagnosis.
• Gentle brushing and flossing: Regularly clean your child’s teeth with gentle care.
• Saltwater rinses: Rinse your child’s mouth with warm saltwater several times a day to alleviate swelling and pain.
• Antibiotics: Administer antibiotics as prescribed by a healthcare professional.
• Toothpaste for sensitive teeth: Use a special toothpaste for sensitive teeth, as recommended by the dentist.
• Avoid irritating foods: Keep your child from consuming foods and drinks that are very hot, cold, or sweet, which can aggravate the gums.

Preventive measures

To prevent swollen gums, good oral hygiene practices and a healthy lifestyle are essential. The following strategies can help:

• Brush your child’s teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristle brush for two minutes each time.
• Floss your child’s teeth once a day to remove plaque build-up.
• Provide a balanced, nutritious diet with limited sugary foods.
• Schedule regular dental check-ups every six months.
• Avoid sharing utensils and drinks to reduce the transmission of bacteria that can cause gum issues.
• Refrain from smoking, as second-hand smoke can increase the risk of gum problems.
• Ensure your child stays hydrated by encouraging them to drink plenty of water.

When to see a doctor

If your child’s gum swelling does not subside after a few days or if it causes significant discomfort, it is important to consult a dentist or periodontist for further assessment and treatment.

Book an appointment at Gleneagles Hospitals

Swollen gums are a common but treatable condition in children. Early intervention plays a critical role in preventing further complications and ensuring long-term oral health. With the right approach, swollen gums can be effectively managed, helping your child maintain a healthy, bright smile.

At Gleneagles Hospitals, our team of expert paediatric dental specialists is ready to provide dedicated care and personalised treatment. If you have concerns about your child’s gum health, contact us to book an appointment today.