Cervical Cancer: Empowering Lives Through Awareness

Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern globally, and World Cervical Cancer Day serves as a vital reminder of the importance of awareness, prevention, and support. According to a news report from The Star newspaper dated 14th January 2024, cervical cancer is ranked as the fourth most common cancer affecting women in Malaysia, with 1,740 cases reported in 2020, of which 991 (57%) succumbed to the disease, according to the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO). The GCO estimates that over 12 million women in Malaysia aged 15 and above are at risk of developing cervical cancer.

Early detection plays an essential role in the successful treatment of cervical cancer. In Malaysia, screening methods such as Pap smears and HPV tests are recommended for women starting at the age of 30. Unfortunately, many women, especially in rural areas, remain unaware of these screening options or lack access to healthcare services. Regular screenings enable the identification of precancerous lesions that can be treated before progressing to invasive cancer, significantly increasing the chances of successful outcomes.

One of the most effective preventive measures against cervical cancer is the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Malaysia has made substantial progress in introducing the HPV vaccination program, targeting girls aged 9 to 14. This vaccine protects against the most common high-risk HPV types linked to cervical cancer development. Efforts to promote vaccination schedules within schools and through healthcare providers have raised awareness, but there is still work to be done to ensure all eligible girls receive the vaccine.

For women diagnosed with cervical cancer, treatment options vary depending on the cancer stage. Early-stage cervical cancer may be treated with surgical interventions, such as a hysterectomy. More advanced cases may require a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and, in some instances, targeted therapy. Access to comprehensive cancer care, including counselling and palliative care, is vital to help patients navigate their treatment journey.

Preventing cervical cancer involves a multifaceted approach, focusing primarily on vaccination and regular screenings. Additionally, practicing safe sex, limiting the number of sexual partners, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of HPV infection. Public health campaigns in Malaysia are increasingly emphasising these aspects, and education plays a crucial role in equipping women with the knowledge they need to protect themselves.

Furthermore, support groups are essential for women affected by cervical cancer, providing emotional support, information, and a sense of community. Organisations such as Cancer Resources and Education (CARE) Malaysia and various local NGOs facilitate support networks, offering counselling and resources for patients and their families. These support groups play a pivotal role in improving mental health and encouraging women on their treatment journey.

As we observe World Cervical Cancer Day, let us unite in promoting awareness, supporting patients, and advocating preventive measures that will save lives. In conclusion, combating cervical cancer in Malaysia requires a collaborative effort at all levels. Through education, vaccination, regular screening, and empathetic support, we can make significant strides in reducing the prevalence and impact of this preventable disease.

Dr. Teh Beng Hock (Gerald)
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
Gynaecological Oncologist
Gleneagles Hospital Kuala Lumpur