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Stroke is a significant health problem globally. It is the third leading cause of death in Malaysia. A stroke happens when the supply of blood to the brain is suddenly disrupted. 

Blood is carried to the brain by blood vessels called arteries. When a stroke happens, blood may stop moving through the artery either because the artery is blocked by a clot or plaque, or because the artery breaks or burst. When blood stops flowing, the brain does not get the oxygen it needs, causing brain cells in the blocked area to die, which may lead to permanent brain damage.

Some strokes are fatal, while others cause permanent or temporary disability. It is important to understand that stroke can be prevented.

What are the Risk Factors for Stroke?

• Old age
• Family history of stroke
• Prior history of stroke, health attack, or transient ischemic attacks (TIA)
• High blood pressure
• Smoking
• Diabetes
• High cholesterol
• Poor diet
• Physical inactivity
• Obesity
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Drug abuse
• Having sickle cell anaemia
• Having heart diseases

What are the Symptoms of Stroke?

• Numbness in the face, arm or leg
• Vision problem in one or both eyes
• Sudden headache
• Trouble walking
• Sudden confusion
• Sudden trouble speaking
  

If you experience any symptoms, seek medical treatment at your nearest facility immediately.

How is Stroke Diagnosed?

• Clinical examination by a doctor
• Blood tests
• CT scan
• MRI scan
• Echocardiogram
• Ceberal angiogram

What are the Treatment Options for Stroke?

• Medication such as blood-thinning agents
• Angiography and stenting
• Surgery may be required if the stroke is haemorrhagic (rupture in the blood vessel)