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Menstruation is regular vaginal bleeding that occurs every month as part of a woman's menstrual cycle. Period cramps are extremely common, but they occasionally affect a woman's day-to-day life. They can be painful and, for some, even debilitating. The medical term used to describe a painful period is “dysmenorrhea”.
A significant percentage of women experience cramps in the lower abdomen during their periods. The pain can be throbbing, sharp or spasmodic and sometimes mild but persistent.
Pain levels vary, and some women may have better tolerance towards it compared to others. Additionally, the intensity of the cramps could vary with each period as oestrogen and progesterone hormone levels fluctuate.
Cramping pain usually occurs in your lower abdomen and may spread to your back and legs. Other symptoms may include lower back discomfort, nausea, diarrhoea, and headache.
Primary and secondary dysmenorrhea are the two forms of painful periods.
Primary dysmenorrhea: Menstrual pain that arises without any specific underlying health issues. The discomfort typically starts with the onset of your menstrual period, possibly starting a bit before.
Secondary dysmenorrhea: Menstrual pain triggered by an underlying health condition. Some women may encounter more intense menstrual pain after years of experiencing what is considered "normal" period discomfort.
Causes of secondary dysmenorrhea:
Consider the following to find some relief from milder period cramps.
The treatment for secondary dysmenorrhea varies depending on the underlying cause. Your doctor will provide guidance on the most suitable course of treatment tailored to your symptoms and specific condition.
If you find yourself dealing with severe period pain that hinders your daily activities or causes concern, it is advisable to consult with your doctor. Get in touch with us to find out more about our Obstetrics & Gynaecology Services at your nearest Gleneagles Hospital.
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